Statistical presentation

Data description

The distribution of income and consumption for the household sector of the national accounts is an experimental annual calculation of income and private consumption at household level, which is aggregated by quintiles and household types.

The statistics are based on the National Accounts' statement of household incomes and consumption and data at household level from the Consumption Survey and various other registers.

The consumption survey is an annual calculation of private households' consumption. It consists of a collection component from 2,200 households annually, which covers expenditure on goods and services used to directly cover individual needs. In addition, a large number of register data is used for the participating households, so that there is a complete picture of the individual household's budget.

In order to make a full distribution of the national accounts, the consumption survey is imputed using "The Missing Forest Imputation", developed by Stekhoven and Buehlmann (2012), so that it covers all approx. 2.8 million households in Denmark. Most e.g. income data will be fully filled in for all households from the start, due to comprehensive register information, while several consumption items must be imputed based on the best knowledge and method available.

Classification system

Consumption is grouped by purpose in the international standard European Classification Of Individual Consumption by Purpose, also known as ECOICOP. The total Danish consumption is calculated in great detail in the Consumption Survey, while in these statistics we have chosen to follow the National Accounts' breakdown of income and consumption. The income is divided into:

• Gross surplus of production and mixed income
• Received remuneration of employees
• Received property income
• Paid capital income
• Received social benefits, except social transfers in kind
• Received other current transfers
• Paid current income and wealth taxes, etc.
• Received Paid net contribution to social schemes
• Paid other current transfers

The total consumption is distributed according to the following groups:

• Food, beverages and tobacco
• Clothing and footwear
• Residential use
• Electricity, district heating and other fuel
• Home furnishings, household services, etc.
• Medicine, medical expenses, etc.
• Purchase of vehicles
• Operation of vehicles and transport services
• Information and communication
• Leisure, sport and culture
• Education
• Restaurants and hotels
• Insurance and financial services etc.

Household type:

• Singles under the age of 65 without children.
• Singles aged 65 and over without children
• Single with children
• 2 adults under 65 without children
• 2 adults, main person 65 years and over without children
• 2 adults with fewer than 3 children
• 2 adults with at least 3 children
• Other

Sector coverage

These statistics cover the household sector.

Statistical concepts and definitions

Household: A group of individuals who live together and share a high degree of financial interdependence, meaning they are economically dependent on one another.

Quintil: A quintile is a statistical division of a dataset into five equally sized groups based on ranked values. Each quintile represents 20 percent of the observations in the dataset.

Current prices: Prices or price level that applies to goods and services in the current period. The opposite of current prices is fixed prices.

Equivalised disposable income: A family's disposable income, corrected for family type and for economy of scale of living together, so that incomes can be compared independently of family size and age composition. Statistics Denmark uses the modified equivalence scale from OECD, where the first adult count for 1, secondary adults (over the age of 14) for 0.5 and children aged 14 and under for 0.3.

Statistical unit

Households.

Statistical population

All private households in Denmark

Reference area

Denmark excl. Greenland and the Faroe Islands.

Time coverage

2018-2022

Base period

Not relevant for these statistics.

Unit of measure

Income and consumption are calculated in millions. DKK and in one thousand DKK per household.

Reference period

The statement refers to the calendar year. The amounts cover transactions that took place during the year.

Frequency of dissemination

The figures are initially published experimentally, but will basically be published annually.

Legal acts and other agreements

Legal authority for data collection is found in § 6 and §§ 8-12 of the Danish Statistics Act, cf. legislative order no. 610 of 30 May 2018. Council Regulation (EC) No 549/2013 of 21 May 2013 on the European system of national and regional accounts in the European Community (OJ L 174 26.06.2013, p. 1) (ENS2010). Until and including 2024, the Consumption Survey rests on a 'Gentlemen's Agreement', which means that it is voluntary for the individual member states to supply the Consumption Survey's data to the EU. With effect from 2024, it is based on the IESS regulation, see Regulation (EU) 2019/1700 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 10 October 2019.

Cost and burden

There is no direct reporting burden to the national accounts, as all information is collected for other statistics. No reporting burden has been calculated for the Consumption Survey, as participation in the survey is voluntary.

Comment

Other information can be found on the subject pages for the national accounts and the consumption survey, or can be obtained by contacting Statistics Denmark.