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    Analyses: How big are Danish exports and who are our main trading partners?

    In recent decades it has become more common to produce goods across national borders. Increasing globalisation challenges our understanding of what a country's exports encompass and what different statistical measures of exports show., Previously, different export statistics provided a fairly similar picture of Denmark’s exports and trading partners. However, an increasing proportion of Danish exported goods never crosses Danish borders, and that has resulted in increasing differences across the various export statistics. This analysis describes Danish exports and trading partners, based on the different export statistics., Main conclusions:, Danish exports in goods are largest when measured in Denmark’s balance of payments, where the sale of goods that have never crossed Danish borders are included as exports. Today, around a sixth of the total Danish export of goods takes place outside of Danish borders., Only goods which have crossed the Danish border are classified as exports in the international trade in goods statistics which implies that the export of goods appears lower here than in the balance of payments., Exports appear lowest when measured by Danish value added, as these calculations discount the value of the imports included in the production of the exported goods and services. Estimates from an Input-Output model in Statistics Denmark suggest that imported contents in exported goods and services constitute nearly half of the total value. , Regardless of the type of export statistics, Germany is Denmark’s most important export market., On the basis of goods which cross the Danish border, the US is Denmark’s sixth largest export market. When goods sold outside Denmark’s border are taken into account, the US is Denmark’s third largest export market., Looking at the final markets for the part of exports resulting from production in Denmark the US is the second largest export market as measured by Danish value added according to estimates in an OECD international Input-Output model., Get as pdf, How big are Danish exports and who are our main trading partners?, Colophone, How big are Danish exports and who are our main trading partners?, Subject group: Economy, Released: 5 March 2018 08:00, No. 2018:4, ISSN pdf: 2446-0354, Contact:, Mads Møller Liedig, Telephone: +45 40 12 97 72

    Analysis

    Analyses: Production abroad has an effect on Danish GDP

    Globalisation has created new business models. Although you can still find traditional manufacturing enterprises with factory production, development, sales and administration gathered within the Danish borders, it has become more common to spread across several countries. An increasing share of the Danish manufacturing enterprises produce their goods or some of their goods without factories in Denmark. In this way, the industrial processing does not take place in Denmark but in a factory abroa, Part of the value added from the processing in factories abroad is included in the Danish gross domestic product (GDP) because the factors of production of Danish enterprises – not least the intellectual capital – contribute to create the value of the foreign factories’ production. The intellectual capital of enterprises is based on research and development, and it is the basis for patents and other intellectual property rights that can be registered and traded. Tangible assets such as machinery and buildings are capital in the country in which they are located. Intangible assets are capital in the country in which their economic owner is registered. In this way, intangible assets are similar to aircraft or vessels, neither of which are geographically confined, but are included in the capital stock of the country in which the airline or shipping firm is registered. In this analysis, we discuss how using a foreign factory affects Danish production and value added., Main conclusions:, The production abroad of Danish manufacturing enterprises has grown considerably since it was first recorded in 2005. The increased production abroad of Danish enterprises has resulted in increased hourly productivity in manufacturing and reduced the employee com-pensation share of the value added in manufacturing., Gradually, the “factoryless” goods production of the manufacturing industry accounts for a higher share of Danish GDP than maritime transport. Factoryless production and maritime transport are characterised by their relatively small impact on Danish employment and a considerable Danish registered capital stock., Moving intangible capital and associated added value from one country to another can make GDP jump, as the Irish GDP did in 2015. This type of jump in GDP does not influ-ence gross national income (GNI) to the same extent, if the owner remains foreign. Be-cause, in the calculation of GNI, the net yield of intangible capital is transferred as factor earnings to the owner’s home country., Get as pdf, Production abroad has an effect on Danish GDP, Colophone, Production abroad has an effect on Danish GDP, Subject group: Economy, Released: 7 June 2019 08:00, No. 2019:8, ISSN pdf: 2446-0354, Contact:

    Analysis