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    Accuracy and reliability

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    Business Dynamics, Business Statistics
    Asbjørn Hviid Mikkelsen
    +45 29 42 68 36

    AHM@dst.dk

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    Foreign Owned Enterprises

    The statistics cover the foreign-owned enterprises that can be identified using information from the National Bank, commercial registers, and companies’ official financial statements. These sources are considered to cover the vast majority of foreign-owned enterprises, although some enterprises may not be identified. Consequently, the number of foreign-owned enterprises, as well as their turnover and employment, may be underestimated.

    Overall accuracy

    The statistics are based on several sources which, taken together, are considered to cover the vast majority of foreign-owned enterprises in Denmark. However, it is not possible to identify all foreign ownership relationships with complete certainty. As a result, some foreign-owned enterprises may be missing from the statistics, which may lead to an underestimation of the number of enterprises and the associated figures for turnover and employment. No estimates of the magnitude of this uncertainty are available.

    Sampling error

    Not relevant for these statistics, as the statistics are not based on a sample survey.

    Non-sampling error

    The main source of uncertainty is that not all foreign-owned enterprises can necessarily be identified in the sources used. In addition, information on ownership relationships, ownership shares, and the ultimate owner may be delayed, incomplete, or inconsistent. To reduce this uncertainty, the information is cross-checked across sources and against data from previous years.If an enterprise cannot be identified as foreign-owned, it is classified as Danish-owned. Missing information on foreign ownership may therefore lead to an underestimation of the number, turnover, and employment of foreign-owned enterprises.

    Quality management

    Statistics Denmark follows the recommendations on organisation and management of quality given in the Code of Practice for European Statistics (CoP) and the implementation guidelines given in the Quality Assurance Framework of the European Statistical System (QAF). A Working Group on Quality and a central quality assurance function have been established to continuously carry through control of products and processes.

    Quality assurance

    Statistics Denmark follows the principles in the Code of Practice for European Statistics (CoP) and uses the Quality Assurance Framework of the European Statistical System (QAF) for the implementation of the principles. This involves continuous decentralized and central control of products and processes based on documentation following international standards. The central quality assurance function reports to the Working Group on Quality. Reports include suggestions for improvement that are assessed, decided and subsequently implemented.

    Quality assessment

    The statistics combine information from several sources and thereby provide broad coverage of foreign-owned enterprises in Denmark. Information on ownership relationships is cross-checked across sources and compared with data from previous years. However, it is not possible to identify all foreign ownership relationships with complete certainty. As a result, some foreign-owned enterprises may be missing from the statistics or may be assigned to an incorrect owner country. This may be particularly important for detailed breakdowns by industry and owner country. No estimates of the magnitude of this uncertainty are available.

    Data revision - policy

    Statistics Denmark revises published figures in accordance with the Revision Policy for Statistics Denmark. The common procedures and principles of the Revision Policy are for some statistics supplemented by a specific revision practice.

    Data revision practice

    There have been no revisions of previously published versions of the statistics.

    Relevance

    Timeliness and punctuality