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9 Industry, innovation and infrastructure

Target 9.5

Enhance scientific research, upgrade the technological capabilities of industrial sectors in all countries, in particular developing countries, including, by 2030, encouraging innovation and substantially increasing the number of research and development workers per 1 million people and public and private research and development spending.

Indicators

9.5.1

9.5.2

Researchers (in full-time equivalent) per million inhabitants
Area: Total  |  Unit: Per m capita
Unit: Per m capita
20132014201520162017201820192020202120222023
Total7 068.57 316.47 503.87 758.07 605.07 565.27 524.47 456.47 887.18 198.28 500.6

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Definition

The figures show the development in the number of researchers measured as full-time equivalents per million inhabitants at the end of the calendar year. Researchers include both the private and public sectors.

Last updated:

23-12-2025